Moped (Gentsuki) Rules
1. What is a Moped (Gentsuki)?
- Definition
- A two-wheeled vehicle with an engine displacement of 50cc or less (or an electric motor with a rated output of 0.6kW or less). Common examples include small scooters.
- Key Characteristics
- Lightweight and easy to handle, but less stable than a car.
- Harder for other vehicles to see due to its small size.
- Requires a Moped License or a regular car license (or higher) to operate.
2. Fundamental Traffic Rules for Mopeds
- Speed Limit
- The maximum legal speed for a moped is 30 km/h, regardless of the posted speed limit for other vehicles.
- Lane Position
- Mopeds must always drive in the far-left lane of the road. You must not drive in the center or right lanes, except when unavoidable (e.g., avoiding an obstacle).
- Expressways
- Mopeds are prohibited from driving on expressways and motorways.
- Passengers
- Carrying a passenger (two-up riding) is prohibited on a moped.
| Rule | Moped-Specific Detail |
|---|---|
| Speed Limit | Max 30 km/h, even if sign says 50 km/h |
| Lane | Must use the far-left lane |
| Right Turn | Two-stage right turn is mandatory in many cases |
| Expressway | Prohibited |
3. Two-Stage Right Turn (Hook Turn)
This is a special turning method required for mopeds at certain intersections to improve safety.
- When is it Required?
- At intersections with three or more traffic lanes in the same direction of travel (including the lane you are in).
- At any intersection that has a "Two-Stage Right Turn for Mopeds" sign.
- How to Perform a Two-Stage Right Turn:
- 1. Stay in the far-left lane and activate your right turn signal.
- 2. Proceed straight through the intersection to the opposite corner.
- 3. Stop at the corner, turn your moped to face right, and turn off your signal.
- 4. Wait for the traffic signal in front of you to turn green.
- 5. Proceed straight when the light changes.
- When is it NOT Required? (Perform a standard inner-lane turn)
- At intersections with only one or two lanes in your direction.
- When there is a sign prohibiting the two-stage right turn.
4. Other Important Rules & Safety
- Helmets
- Wearing a properly fastened motorcycle helmet is mandatory. Construction helmets are not permitted. It must be a 'motorcycle helmet' that meets the safety standards stipulated by the Road Traffic Act, bearing a PSC or JIS mark.
- Intersection Safety
- Because of their small size, mopeds are often in the blind spots of cars, especially trucks. Be extra cautious around turning vehicles.
- Loading Cargo
- The maximum load is 30kg. The load must not overhang more than 30cm behind the rack or 15cm to the sides.
How to Get a Moped License in Japan
What is a Moped License?
- A license to ride bikes (scooters, etc.) of 50cc or less.
- For electric models: 0.6kW or less.
- Written exam only. Can be obtained in as little as one day!
Eligibility Requirements
- 16 years of age or older
- Hearing: Able to hear a 90dB sound from 10 meters away
- Color Identification: Able to distinguish red, blue, and yellow
- Vision: 0.5 or higher with both eyes (glasses/contacts are permitted)
- No serious impairment of physical functions that would affect driving
Examination Fees (Example: Kanagawa Pref.)
| Item | Amount |
|---|---|
| Exam Fee | ¥1,500 |
| Issuance Fee | ¥2,050 |
| Moped Course Fee | ¥4,500 |
| Total | ¥8,050 |
*Photo fee (¥700-¥1,000) required separately.
What to Bring (Important!)
Prepare in Advance
- Application Photo (3.0x2.4cm, taken within 6 months, no hat, plain background)
- Certificate of Residence (Juminhyo, showing registered domicile, issued within 6 months)
Bring on the Day
- Fees (cash)
- Driver's License (if you have one) or ID (Health Insurance Card, My Number Card, etc.)
- Writing Utensils (mechanical pencils may not be allowed)
- Glasses/Contacts (if required)
Process on the Day (Example: Kanagawa Pref.)
- Receive and fill out the application form
- Purchase revenue stamps
- Reception/Registration
- Aptitude Test (vision, color perception, etc.)
- Written Exam (30 minutes)
- Results Announcement
- PIN Registration
- Photo for License
- Moped Course (lecture, not practical riding)
- License Issuance!
If you start in the morning, the process can take from half a day to a full day.
Required Attire for Moped Course
- Not Allowed: Sandals, geta, high heels
- Required: Long sleeves, long pants, sneakers
- Helmets and protectors are available for rent.
- Course is held rain or shine. Rainwear (top and bottom) is recommended.
Reception Hours & Reservations
- Varies by prefecture.
- Recently, many centers require advance reservations (PC/smartphone/phone).
- Where can I take the test? You can take it at the license center closest to where you live.
- ➡ Always check the official police website for your prefecture!
Written Exam Details
- Total 48 questions (46 text + 2 illustration) for 50 points.
- Passing score: 45 points or higher.
- All questions are True/False.
- Illustration questions have 3 parts; all 3 must be correct to earn 2 points.